Three-dimensional pantographic reproducing machine



Sept. c COMPTON THREE-DIMENSIONAL PAN' TOGRAPHIC REPRODUCING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 2, 1948 INVENTOR. CLA RENCE ROOM PTON BY WHITEHEAD a voer.

ATTORNEYS Sept. 16, 1952 R COMPTON 2,610,404

THREE-DIMENSIONAL PANTOGRAPHIC REPRODUCING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 2, 1948 INVEN TOR.

CLARENCE R. COMPTON BY WHITEHEA'D 8 VOGL m Mm AT TORNE YS Sept. 16, 1952 c. R. COMPTON 2,610,404

THREE-DIMENSIONAL PANTOGRAPHIC REPRODUCING MACHINE Filed Sept. 2, 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 FigXlI 433 305 345;? lss 36s "(375 405 39s 50s 43s WP [Y r Ill 4) i Fig XlIl'.

V T F X737 CLARENCE R C 3 M I TON BY WHITEHEAD 8: VOGL PERM W ATTORNEYS while the other pin limits the movement of the base in the opposite direction. It will be seen that the pins 2! and 22 may be respectivelyretracted and advanced and kept in abutting position against opposite sides of lug 23 whereby the base may be inclined to and locked, by the pins, in any desired inclination or one pin may be retracted to the desired limit of inclination of base IS without advancing the other pin whereby the base, and its carried pantograph, may be inclined or straightened to any desired degree between the points of the two pins.

The base l9 comprises upper and lower I beams 2,610,404 r V j I such a manner that the axis of the shaft 31 is perpendicular to the axis of the arms 29 and 36, and perpendicular to the tilt axisformed by the pins I5a and [6a, and parallel to the axis of the pivot 3022. However, it is to be noted that the axis of the shaft 31 is not parallel tothe axis of the fixed pivot l2 whenever the pantograph is tilted about the axis formed by pins Mia and Mia, but will be inclined from the axisi of pivot [2 to the same degree that the pantograph is tilted. Since this spindle shaft is rotatable in the working head formed by housing 34 and yoke 35, an

. extension 31a is provided to connect pulleys or [9a and H312, the upper beam l9a being bent down to connect with the rear end of beam 191; and likewise to form the portion which carries the lug 23. There is preferably provided a web I90 connecting the beams Isa and l9b which web is provided with a cut-out [lid for the purpose later described. The forward ends of beams I91: and l9b are connected by strengthening rib 24 and the beams are projected forwardly beyond the rib 24 into and forming upper and lower lugs 25 and 26 between which a portion of the pantograph is pivotally mounted as later described.

In order to cushion and counterbalance the swinging of the base IS on the hinges l.5+IG.|1..-l8 between the points of pins 2| and 22,. whenever said points areseparated, whereby to permit such movement of lug 23 between the points,.I provide spring 21 coiled around stub l 6b which is preferably an enlarged extension of pin lBa, the upper end of the spring being hooked over aafiange of beam 191) as at 21a and the lower end of the spring being seated against a cam member 28 adapted to be rotated and thereby increase or diminish the tension of the spring.

The base I9 constitutes the pivot arm of the pantograph which is attached to the fixed pivot l2 through the hub l3. Another limb of the pantograph, the minor work arm 29; is pivotally attached to the base IS in thecut-outlQd by doubly adjustable sliding mountings 38 and 3|. The arm 29 is mounted in sleeve 30 whichhas a normal sliding fit on arm 29, but is split and providedwith lugs and a tightening bolt, all as generally indicated; at 30a, for clamping the sleeve to thearm at any desired point, thereby adjusting the eifective length of the minor work arm 29, The sleeve 30. is pivotally mounted to clamps 3|; which are slidable, respectively, along beams I So, and ,l9b and olampable. thereto by thumb screws 32, the pivotal mounting of the sleeve in the clamps being indicated at 30b, Fig. VII. It follows that the position of the pivot 30-!) may be adjusted along the base [9 longitudinally of said base.

The beam I911 and the minor work arm 29 are preferably scaled as indicated on the drawing to facilitate exact adjustments. this invention is to provide a pantograph in which power-driven engraving or cuttingtools may be attached to eitherthe minor or major working head,there is located a motor mount 33 at the rear..end of the minor working arm 29 to permit attachment of a power source, or prime mover, which will be movable in conjunction with the movements of the minor working head, but stationary with respect to the minor working head itself.

' The minor, working head consists of a housing 34; attached to the front end of shaft 29, and a yoke 35 attached to the coordinating arm 36 of the pantograph. This housing and yoke are pivotally interconnectedby spindle shaft 31 in As one object of and 39b ;and

gears to effect rotation of the shaft. In the lower end of the shaft 31 there is provided a hole or collet for the purpose of mounting tools rotatable with shaft 31 or for providing a work guide pointer 38 as shown.

The major working arm 39 is pivotally attached to the base [9 on lugs 25 and 26 by pin 40, the axis of pin 20 being parallel with the axis of the shaft 31. and the pivot 30b. The construction of the arm 39is similar to that of the base l9, con- SiStiIlgOf two beams 39a and 39b, and of a web 390. A cut-out 3911 is provided to accommodate the mountings of the coordinating arm 36, described above, for the purpose later described. Cut-outs 39c are also provided in the beams39a and 39b to accommodate lugs 25 and 26 to which the arm 39 is attached. r

The flanges of the beams 39a and 3% are joined and the web is reinforced at 39f to form motor mount 4| to which motor 42 maybe attached. As shown, this motor provides rotatable power to the major working head 43 by means of pulleys 44 and G5 and belt 46. A hood dfiacoverspulley 45.

The major working head consists of a housing 43 attached to the beams 39a and 39b and the web 390, forming a single .unit. Inside this housing there is a spindle shaft d? with axis parallel to the spindle shaft 31. As may be seen from the drawings, rotation of this spindle shaft 47 may be accomplished through the pulleyon the extensionjl'la. In the'lower end of the shaft 41 there is provided a hole or collet for the purpose. of mounting tool 48 rotatable with shaft 41 as shown.

With the belt and pulley construction shown in the drawing and above described, it is obvious that the motor must be in fixed relation to the working head'as shown, and described. However; it will also be obvious that when the power required is small enough to permit the efiicientuse of flexible connections, as flexible shaft 49, such flexible shaft may be connected with spindles 37a and Ma and may lead from'a motor which need not be in fixed relation with the working head. It is also obvious that by intermediate pulleys and belts, the motor may be placed in various positions other than those shown, and still maintain a constant operative relationship to the working head. 7 j e The distal portion ofthe coordinating, arm 36 is pivotally attached to the major. working arm 39 by doubly adjustable sliding sleeves and clamps 505| which are identical in structure and function withthe mountings .3U-'32, arm 36.

being mounted and having a normal sliding fit in sleeve 50. The sleeve 50 is pivotally. mounted in clamps 5| swhich are slidable along beams 39d clampable thereto by thumb screws 52. I I r Amotor mount 4! is provided at the rear end of thearm 39 to which motor 42 may beattached to provide rotatable power to the major.

thereeisaspindle: shaft A] iThisrzshaf meanszofztheinuileys Ukanfl working head teeny 43 notrbe descri d. fu herei -n e e iona Qnstrus .e a :nnerationeoi? 1: .:machine.=-of.- thernatureude- :sc.bed;z rtically-:adiustam ta l s 5?: id 554 :arenmvi .edz rizthe -m deh-and workr table :54 ein he zontaily adjustable 'fifi.zW 1 iVehtl flH- f h :WQ K id heimo'delare placed; on thereextr ct -t ble ,c ordine:.-to-- whetheriathe1operat qnzr t abee eenla ementonreductio Th W s" a he;oira iywapnroveddesi mand form n pa t, o t p esent-i vention;

d he imodels plaoed when a, a dusts t cthe desi ed posi ion and-theit blesaadius e .vduesi trelatiyeinoition -;th tools; mayirbe moved-horizontal yby pa toe anh onixitheappivot 121zvand v swi i es V V b t e movement o the-p nt eraph :itselfw :For a Wide range-o swork thisheri ontalj=-movement ayr compl shedthro u a 3 e ee movement of the pantograph.

By thus swinging ahout ipivotylz ahe tools may be used for operation at any point-withina complete circle, thus making; .possiblepperation by the n emee ine On .al ijmbef .of di rent tables similar to-53 and =54= positioned circularly about-standard ll. Vertidaliadjustmentvofi-the tools, to at a n t ree r imensionaii action; 1 obt in by; il in the. antoeraphit aboutrhifle i5;- -l6 -'-lf|?-l8. 111 the embodimentillustrated" in FigszXH and i ten ard apivot-rl ra d hub 1 3-; are identical w t those a ready described. In this embodiment the parts ld to ,-l;8; -7a're identical in function and substantiallyidentical in structure with those in the""'f1rst-described embodiment. Other associated elements; i previously described, which, may beappropriatelyincorporated in this embodiment; are .not included in the diagra-mmatic -illustration because; unnecessary ier-"complete illustration of the differences in embodiment. The material difierences of this embodiment from that previously described are fully illustrated at Figs. XII and XIII.

A pantograph for reproduction on a single plane, attained by movements of the various coordinating and working arms, requires three fixed hinges, and two adjustable hinges for making adjustments of scale; said hinges may be arranged in various interrelationships, and any pantograph having such requirements may be incorporated in a machine embodying this invention.

On hinges I5l8 there is mounted pivot arm l9s, to the ends of which there are attached working arms 29s and 39s by fixed hinges s and uttin 90.1148

aordinating arm ewbrking arms fat-134s; andsillsi; the; arm .pivotally connected with clampsz3 ts-land 50s. minor working ahead ;3'ls1 is .,-slidablyisconneeted \withmoordinatingbar 35s,; .whileithe maiq eworkine head-143s: is; positionedgatzthei endtofiarm as, With:this-construction;-the minorxworking ead Hag-when properly adjusted on: arms 36s :for l his work in hand, will be in the line IPL I'QQIDL-EtbG ente ot pivot;|2;;to;the:center of: m in orkin headyflis 3111 embodiment differsdr e athat nrevionsiy xde'scribedin th t-30s iSi a fixedmine while the cor-respondingcelement; 30 1oft'hei Dre:- vious embodiment);isnaa'xdoubly slidablei conn'ece tion; hinge 34s is a slidable pivotable connection, whereas is a fixed hingei hinge 50815 a slidab e p vota le connect o rswbereastfl adonb y slidable pivotable connection; ,the ininorvvtorking h adisv b unte -on coor inatin arm -3 6s; whereas in theprevious'embodiment the minor working head 'is oentrally-s positione {in thefixed hinge 34. Nevertheless,:the-op'eration and accomplishment of this laterqembodiment arethesameas those of the Fig. I -XI'-embodi menti I x The, embodiment illustrated in liigs. ,XIY; and XVis mounted onstandard I, by -pivot .il2- and hub "I3, the same asin the previously described embodiments. A preferably enlarged top 4;4t:.{0f hub l3 carries ears l5t and I6t form-ingapartpf the pivotarm let and 'pivotally connected thereto by thev pinned lugs Hi; and i815. {Phearms i9t, 29f, 36tand 39t, respectively; functiomthesame as the arms. I 9; '29; '36 and 39 bfthe firstedescribed embodiment, and theyarerespectively connected by doubly slidable and .pivotalhi'nges ,S'Bt .an'd ilit and by fixed hinges Mt andv 411i respectively functioning ,in identicalv manner with. and:of;s ubstantiaily the same lstructureas hinges -30 and 50 and 34 and 40 in the first-described-embodiment. 'In'the latter embodiment as may be seen in the drawings; the pantograph is setandmoves in a vertical plane which requires a somewhat differentjmounting forj the wbrkingheads. .Q'IP-he major working head 43f and'the minor".worl'ringv head 31t are pivotally mounted respectively at the ends'of arms 3'9tand'36t byipinned'lugs" 4 and -=.55 '"respectively. In this embodimentiit is preferable to hold the working heads in .avertic'al position-, and for this purpose I there is provided a double. uide arm 56 rigidly connected-withgthe hub 'l 3. On this double guide arm there are pro:- vided roller carriages 51 and 58 vadapted to Iroll along the arms responsive to the pantographic movement of theworking heads. Thebody of each carriage comprises; a sleeye in whi chlj he respective working heads havera' 'verticalw'sliding fit," whereby'the' working heads may be moved longitudinally along the guide arms by the pantographic action or may be raised and lowered through the carriages by the tilting of the pantograph on hinges Ht and it, but the carriages will always hold the working heads in vertical posiion.

The only difierences between this embodiment and those previously described, are those necessary to translate the essential movements from a horizontally mounted pantograph to a vertically mounted pantograph, and these differences are, in substance, that hinges I5l8 are positioned along the side of pivot arm l9 and 19s in the embodiments previously described, but are incorporated as hinges lit to Hit in the end of the pivot arm wt in the present embodiment; the working :previous embodiments, being positionedthrough the ends of the arms in a plane at right angles to the plane ofthe pantograph. There is a further preferable difference that in the present embodiment means may be and are provided for holding the workingheads vertical during all operations. a

- While I have-illustrated and herein described many details of construction, alternatives or equivalents will occur to those skilled in the art and I am not to be limited in my protection to the details illustrated or described.

'Iclaim:

1. A 'pantographic reproduction machine including, in combination, a standard, a supporting arm' pivotally mounted on said standard, projecting laterally therefrom and adapted to rotate in a full circle thereabout on a vertical axis, a two dimensionalpantograph having its pivot arm carried above said supporting arm by hinge means comprisinglugs upstanding on said supporting arm and lugs depending from said pivot arm hingedly attached to said supporting arm lugs, the hinge means having an axis perpendicular to and intersecting the-vertical pivot axis, tool and tracing means on said pantograph having their respective operating and guiding points depending from the pantograph frame and thereby adapted for movement in a plane offset from a plane medial to the arms of the pantograph and intersecting said perpendicular pivot axis at its intersection with said hinge axis, whereby tiltable movements of the pantograph about said hinge axis are accompanied by rotation of said plane of the points about said hinge axis, the guiding points being so aligned that a line therethrough :and projected will intersect the point of intersection of said vertical-pivot and hinge-means axes in all'positions of said points, whereby said operating and guiding points'provide for reproduction, on a different scale, by the operating point of a three dimensional model traced by the guiding point.

2. A pantographic reproduction machine in,-

cIuding in combination, a standard, a supporting arm pivotally mounted on said standard and projecting laterally therefrom and adapted to rotate in a full circle thereabout on a vertical axis, a two dimensional pantograph having its pivot arm carried above said supporting arm by hinge meanshaving an axis perpendicular toand intersecting the vertical pivot axis, tool'and tracing means on said pantograph having their respective operating and guiding points adapted for movement in a plane'which intersects and is tiltable about said hinge-means? axis and with said operating and'guiding points so aligned that-aline therethrough and projected will intersect the point of intersection of said vertical-pivot and hinge-means'axes in all positions, whereby said operating and guiding points provide three dimensional' I pantographic operation, opposing standards upstanding from thesupporting arm.

opposing adjusting screws in said standards and a lug outstanding from the pivot arm and projecting between said adjusting screws to limit tiltable movements of the pantograph. v a

3. Apantographic reproduction machine including, in combination, a standard, a supporting armpivotally mounted upon said standard, pro- J'ecting laterally therefrom and adapted to rotate in a full circle thereabout on a vertical axis, a

V two dimensional pantograph having its pivot arm carried above said supporting arm by hinge means having an axis perpendicular'to and intersecting said vertical pivot axis, tool and tracing means on said pantograph having their respective operating and guiding points adapted'for movement in a plane which intersects and is tiltable about said hinge-means axis and with saidoperating and guiding points so v aligned that'a line projecting therethro'ugh" will always intersect the point of intersection of said vertical pivot and hinge-means axes, whereby said guiding point may follow a three dimensional model and said operating point may reproduce said model on a different scale, saidhinge-means comprising lugs depending from the pantograph pivotally con nected to lugs upstanding the supporting arms, and wherein said operating and guiding points are laterally offset from the-plane medial tothe pantograph arms to provideope'rative clearance between said points and the pantograph. CLARENCE R, COMPTON.

v r REFERENCESHCITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name I Date 1,059,329 B uckna m Apr. 15, 1913 1,118,729 Bock i Nov. 24,1914 1,471,869 Turner Octl23, 1923 2,067,962 Zwick Jan. 19, 1937 2,156,269 Waldorfetal'. May 2, 1939 2,178,131 Zwick 1 Oct. 31, 1939 2,240,825 Alexander May 6, 1941 FOREIGN' PATENTS Number V 5 Country: 'r' Date 487,634 Great Britain June 23,1938 536,685 Great Britain May 23, 1941 639,402

Germany Dec. 4, 1936 

